Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy

El telescopio VISTA (Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy) forma parte del Observatorio Paranal de ESO. VISTA opera en longitudes de onda de infrarrojo cercano y es el telescopio de rastreo más grande del mundo. Su gran espejo, amplio campo visual y detectores de alta sensibilidad darán a conocer una visión completamente nueva del cielo austral.

El telescopio se encuentra en la cumbre próxima a la cima que alberga al Very Large Telescope (VLT) de ESO y comparte las mismas condiciones excepcionales para la observación astronómica.

VISTA posee un espejo principal de 4,1 metros de diámetro. En términos fotográficos, se asemeja a una cámara digital de 67 megapixeles con un lente catadióptrico de 13.000 mm f/3,25.

En la parte central del telescopio se encuentra una enorme cámara de tres toneladas con 16 detectores de última generación sensibles a la luz infrarroja.

Ciencia con el telescopio VISTA

El tiempo de observación de VISTA estará destinado en su totalidad a 'cartografiar' el cielo de manera sistemática y seis grandes sondeos úblicos ocuparán la mayor parte de sus primeros cinco años de operación. Algunos realizarán estudios de pequeñas áreas del cielo durante largos períodos para detectar objetos con una emisión de luz extremadamente baja y otros explorarán por completo el cielo austral. Las observaciones permitirán recopilar una gran cantidad de nuevos datos que serán de ayuda para las investigaciones de diversos proyectos astronómicos que comprenden desde exploraciones de pequeños cuerpos en nuestro Sistema Solar hasta estudios cosmológicos de la naturaleza de la materia y energía oscuras. Dentro de nuestra galaxia, se espera que VISTA logre encontrar un gran número de enanas marrones y permita poner a prueba distintas ideas relacionadas a la naturaleza de la materia oscura. Mediante los datos proporcionados por VISTA, los astrónomos podrán crear un mapa tridimensional de un 5% de todo el Universo observable. VISTA además se convertirá en una poderosa herramienta para la detección de quásares distantes y el estudio de la evolución de las galaxias y los cúmulos galácticos. Ayudará a investigar la naturaleza de la energía oscura mediante la búsqueda de lejanos cúmulos de galaxias.

VISTA fue concebido y desarrollado por un consorcio de 18 universidades del Reino Unido, a cargo de la Queen Mary, University of London y se entregó en contribución a ESO como parte del acuerdo de adhesión del Reino Unido. La gestión del proyecto en lo que respecta al diseño y construcción del telescopio estuvo a cargo del Centro de Tecnología Astronómica del Reino Unido, parte del Consejo de Instalaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (ATC Reino Unido, STFC, por sus siglas en inglés).

El telescopio fue aceptado por ESO de manera provisoria el 10 de diciembre de 2009, sin embargo, en la actualidad la organización es quien maneja sus operaciones.

Información adicional acerca de VISTA

VISTA

Nombre: Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy
Localización: Cerro Paranal
Altitud: 2.518 metros
Estructura de protección: Estructura cilíndrica compacta optimizada
Clase: Telescopio de rastreo para infrarrojo cercano
Diseño óptico: Reflector Ritchey-Chrétien modificado con lentes correctores en cámara
Diámetro. Espejo primario E1: 4,10 metros
Material. Espejo primario E1: ZeroDur
Diámetro. Espejo secundario E2: 1,24 metros
Material. Espejo secundario E2: Astro-Sitall
Montura: Montura altazimutal de horquilla
Fecha de primera luz: 11 de diciembre de 2009
Óptica activa:
Did you know?
The Paranal observatory site is so remote that everything needed must be brought in specially. The 60 000 litres of water that are used per day are delivered by truck from Antofagasta.
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