A procura de planetas exteriores ao nosso Sistema Solar constitui um elemento chave da questão que é, possivelmente, a mais profunda para a Humanidade: existirá vida noutros locais do Universo? Os observatórios do ESO estão equipados com todo um arsenal de instrumentos únicos capazes de detectar, estudar e monitorizar estes 'exoplanetas' ou "planetas extrassolares".
Usando o Very Large Telescope (VLT), os astrónomos conseguiram pela primeira vez observar o ténue brilho de um planeta fora do nosso Sistema Solar, tirando a primeira fotografia da história de um exoplaneta (ver Notas de Imprensa do ESO eso0428 e eso0515). Este novo mundo é um gigante gasoso, com cerca de cinco vezes a massa de Júpiter. Essa observação é um passo de gigante na direção de um dos objetivos mais importantes da astronomia moderna: caracterizar a estrutura física e a composição química dos planetas gigantes e, eventualmente, de planetas semelhantes à Terra. Veja a Nota de Imprensa do ESO eso0507. O VLT desempenhou também um papel fundamental na descoberta de um sistema com sete planetas do tamanho da Terra, em órbita de uma estrela situada a apenas 40 anos-luz de distância, a TRAPPIST-1. Três destes planetas encontram-se na zona habitável e poderão ter oceanos de água à superfície, aumentando assim a possibilidade deste sistema planetário de poder albergar vida. O sistema apresenta tanto o maior número de planetas do tamanho da Terra descobertos até à data como o maior número de planetas que poderão ter água líquida à sua superfície. Veja a Nota de Imprensa do ESO eso1706.
Com o instrumento HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) os astrónomos descobriram quatro planetas com massa inferior à de Neptuno, em órbita de uma estrela próxima. Entre estes planetas, inclui-se um com 2 massas terrestres e outro com 7 vezes a massa da Terra, que reside na zona habitável da estrela que orbita. Este planeta orbita a sua estrela em 66 dias e os astrónomos têm evidências para acreditar que está coberto de água – um mundo de água. Esta descoberta ficará como um marco pioneiro na procura de planetas que podem albergar vida. Veja a Nota de Imprensa do ESO eso0915. Os astrónomos descobriram também, e ainda com o auxílio do HARPS, evidências claras de um planeta em órbita da estrela mais próxima da Terra, a Proxima Centauri. Este mundo rochoso, um pouco mais massivo que a Terra, apresenta uma temperatura adequada para a existência de água líquida à sua superfície. Veja a Nota de Imprensa do ESO eso1629.
Outro telescópio em La Silla, usando uma técnica inovadora conhecida como microlente gravitacional, trabalhou em conjunto com outros telescópios espalhados pelo mundo inteiro. Desta colaboração surgiu a descoberta de um novo planeta extrassolar, muito mais parecido com a Terra do que qualquer outro descoberto até ao momento. O planeta, que tem apenas cinco vezes mais massa do que a Terra, orbita a sua estrela em cerca de 10 anos e tem claramente uma superfície de rocha e gelo. Veja a Nota de Imprensa do ESO eso0603.
"Os ténues sinais descobertos pelo HARPS não passariam de 'simples ruído' se fossem observados pela maior parte dos espectrógrafos atualmente disponíveis."
Exoplaneta gelado (imagem artística)
Our use of Cookies
We use cookies that are essential for accessing our websites and using our services. We also use cookies to analyse, measure and improve our websites’ performance, to enable content sharing via social media and to display media content hosted on third-party platforms.
You can manage your cookie preferences and find out more by visiting 'Cookie Settings and Policy'.
ESO Cookies Policy
The European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (ESO) is the pre-eminent intergovernmental science and technology organisation in astronomy. It carries out an ambitious programme focused on the design, construction and operation of powerful ground-based observing facilities for astronomy.
This Cookies Policy is intended to provide clarity by outlining the cookies used on the ESO public websites, their functions, the options you have for controlling them, and the ways you can contact us for additional details.
What are cookies?
Cookies are small pieces of data stored on your device by websites you visit. They serve various purposes, such as remembering login credentials and preferences and enhance your browsing experience.
Categories of cookies we use
Essential cookies (always active): These cookies are strictly necessary for the proper functioning of our website. Without these cookies, the website cannot operate correctly, and certain services, such as logging in or accessing secure areas, may not be available; because they are essential for the website’s operation, they cannot be disabled.
Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
csrftoken
XSRF protection token. We use this cookie to protect against cross-site request forgery attacks.
1st party
Stored
1 year
user_privacy
Your privacy choices. We use this cookie to save your privacy preferences.
1st party
Stored
6 months
_grecaptcha
We use reCAPTCHA to protect our forms against spam and abuse. reCAPTCHA sets a necessary cookie when executed for the purpose of providing its risk analysis. We use www.recaptcha.net instead of www.google.com in order to avoid unnecessary cookies from Google.
3rd party
Stored
6 months
Functional Cookies: These cookies enhance your browsing experience by enabling additional features and personalization, such as remembering your preferences and settings. While not strictly necessary for the website to function, they improve usability and convenience; these cookies are only placed if you provide your consent.
Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
Settings
preferred_language
Language settings. We use this cookie to remember your preferred language settings.
1st party
Stored
1 year
ON | OFF
sessionid
ESO Shop. We use this cookie to store your session information on the ESO Shop. This is just an identifier which is used on the server in order to allow you to purchase items in our shop.
1st party
Stored
2 weeks
ON | OFF
Analytics cookies: These cookies collect information about how visitors interact with our website, such as which pages are visited most often and how users navigate the site. This data helps us improve website performance, optimize content, and enhance the user experience; these cookies are only placed if you provide your consent. We use the following analytics cookies.
Matomo Cookies:
This website uses Matomo (formerly Piwik), an open source software which enables the statistical analysis of website visits. Matomo uses cookies (text files) which are saved on your computer and which allow us to analyze how you use our website. The website user information generated by the cookies will only be saved on the servers of our IT Department. We use this information to analyze www.eso.org visits and to prepare reports on website activities. These data will not be disclosed to third parties.
On behalf of ESO, Matomo will use this information for the purpose of evaluating your use of the website, compiling reports on website activity and providing other services relating to website activity and internet usage.
ON | OFF
Matomo cookies settings:
Cookie ID/Name
Description/Purpose
Provider (1st party or 3rd party)
Browser session cookie or Stored cookie?
Duration
Settings
_pk_id
Stores a unique visitor ID.
1st party
Stored
13 months
_pk_ses
Session cookie temporarily stores data for the visit.
1st party
Stored
30 minutes
_pk_ref
Stores attribution information (the referrer that brought the visitor to the website).
1st party
Stored
6 months
_pk_testcookie
Temporary cookie to check if a visitor’s browser supports cookies (set in Internet Explorer only).
1st party
Stored
Temporary cookie that expires almost immediately after being set.
Additional Third-party cookies on ESO websites: some of our pages display content from external providers, e.g. YouTube.
Such third-party services are outside of ESO control and may, at any time, change their terms of service, use of cookies, etc.
YouTube: Some videos on the ESO website are embedded from ESO’s official YouTube channel. We have enabled YouTube’s privacy-enhanced mode, meaning that no cookies are set unless the user actively clicks on the video to play it. Additionally, in this mode, YouTube does not store any personally identifiable cookie data for embedded video playbacks. For more details, please refer to YouTube’s embedding videos information page.
Cookies can also be classified based on the following elements.
Regarding the domain, there are:
First-party cookies, set by the website you are currently visiting. They are stored by the same domain that you are browsing and are used to enhance your experience on that site;
Third-party cookies, set by a domain other than the one you are currently visiting.
As for their duration, cookies can be:
Browser-session cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser;
Stored cookies, which stay on the user's device for a predetermined period of time.
How to manage cookies
Cookie settings: You can modify your cookie choices for the ESO webpages at any time by clicking on the link Cookie settings at the bottom of any page.
In your browser: If you wish to delete cookies or instruct your browser to delete or block cookies by default, please visit the help pages of your browser:
Please be aware that if you delete or decline cookies, certain functionalities of our website may be not be available and your browsing experience may be affected.
You can set most browsers to prevent any cookies being placed on your device, but you may then have to manually adjust some preferences every time you visit a site/page. And some services and functionalities may not work properly at all (e.g. profile logging-in, shop check out).
Updates to the ESO Cookies Policy
The ESO Cookies Policy may be subject to future updates, which will be made available on this page.
Additional information
For any queries related to cookies, please contact: pdprATesoDOTorg.
As ESO public webpages are managed by our Department of Communication, your questions will be dealt with the support of the said Department.