De surveytelescopen van ESO

De hemel gedetailleerd in kaart gebracht

Twee nieuwe, krachtige telescopen – de Visible and the Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) en de VLT Survey Telescope (VST) – staan op ESO's Paranal Sterrenwacht in het noorden van Chili. Zij zijn onbetwist de krachtigste telescopen voor hemelsurveys die momenteel in bedrijf zijn, en zullen het wetenschappelijke ontdekkingspotentieel van de Paranal-sterrenwacht sterk vergroten.

Een rondleiding bij het Paranal-observatorium

Virtual Tour at ESO Very Large Telescope

Klik op de afbeelding voor een virtuele rondleiding in en rond de VLT.

VLTCam LIVE.

 

Bezoek het Paranal Observatorium

 

Wetenschappelijk onderzoek met de Survey Telescopes

Veel van de meest interessante hemelobjecten – van de kleine, maar potentieel gevaarlijke aardscherende planetoïden tot de verre quasars – zijn schaars. Het is zoeken naar spelden in een enorme hooiberg. De grootste telescopen, zoals ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) en de Hubble Ruimtetelescoop van NASA en ESA, zien steeds maar een piepklein stukje van de hemel. Maar VISTA en VST zijn ontworpen om zo snel mogelijk ‘diepe’ opnamen van een groot hemelgebied te maken. De beide telescopen zullen in totaal negen nauwkeurig opgezette hemelsurveys doen en enorme archieven van afbeeldingen en gegevens van objecten opbouwen, waar astronomen nog tientallen jaren uit kunnen putten. De surveytelescopen spelen een cruciale rol bij de voorbereiding van toekomstige waarneemfaciliteiten, zoals de Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) en de James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

De wetenschappelijke doelen van deze surveys omvatten veel van de boeiende kwesties waar de astrofysica momenteel mee worstelt, van de aard van de donkere energie tot de dreiging van aardscherende planetoïden. Aan de surveys zullen grote teams van astronomen uit heel Europa deelnemen. Sommige van de surveys zullen vrijwel de gehele zuidelijke hemel bestrijken, terwijl andere op specifieke, kleinere hemelgebieden gericht zijn.

Interessante objecten die door de surveytelescopen ontdekt worden, zullen onderwerp zijn van gedetailleerd onderzoek met zowel de naburige VLT als met andere telescopen op aarde en in de ruimte. Beide surveytelescopen staan opgesteld in koepels dichtbij de VLT en kunnen gebruik maken van dezelfde uitzonderlijke waarneemomstandigheden en hetzelfde zeer efficiënte operationele model.

VISTA en VST zullen enorme hoeveelheden gegevens produceren. Eén opname van VISTA telt 67 megapixels en de beelden die de OmegaCAM van de VST aflevert zijn zelfs 268 megapixels groot. De beide surveytelescopen zullen elke nacht veel meer gegevens produceren dan alle andere instrumenten van de VLT tezamen. In totaal gaat het om meer dan 100 terabyte aan gegevens per jaar.

Meer over ESO's Survey Telescopes

 

Did you know?
The Paranal observatory site is so remote that everything needed must be brought in specially. The 60 000 litres of water that are used per day are delivered by truck from Antofagasta.
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